小额净进口经济体的汇率波动、油价冲击和经济增长

2020年07月17日 11:38作者:Wesseh, Presley K.,林伯强

题目:小额净进口经济体的汇率波动、油价冲击和经济增长(Exchange rate fluctuations, oil price shocks and economic growth in a small net-importing economy)

作者:Wesseh, Presley K.,林伯强*

期刊:能源(energy

详细:151卷,2018515日,402-207

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.054

文献导读:

能源价格变化会影响经济活动。一般来讲,经济增长取决于石油净生产国或石油净进口国能源价格的涨跌情况。汇率波动(升值或贬值)引起了许多经济学家和政策实践者的关注。一些研究认为,当地货币的贬值改善了长期贸易,而另一些学者却有不同的看法。有趣的是,政策制定者依赖理论知识,并倾向于分配巨额资源来制定针对油价和汇率风险的对冲策略。他们直接跳过在特定国家或地区验证这些理论的过程。在大多数情况下,这会导致政策设计不仅无法解决实际问题,而且还会遇到严重的可行性问题。本研究的目的是测试利比里亚的石油价格-汇率-增长关系,即评估石油价格波动和汇率变化对利比里亚国内生产总值的实际影响。

文章使用利比里亚1980-2015年的年度数据,采用不受限制的VAR模型研究石油汇率对利比里亚等小型净进口国经济增长的影响。作者指出,该研究首次以实证角度分解油价和汇率冲击,以试图解释利比里亚宏观经济行为。在模型改进方面,文章通过区分正负汇率冲击来解释汇率不对称性,这也是这篇文章的创新点。文章评估结果能为利比里亚制定有效的石油价格和汇率波动的对冲策略提供有价值的参考。

研究结果表明,第一,石油价格的上涨对利比里亚的经济发展具有正向影响第二,利比里亚的价值贬值导致实际国内生产总值下降,利比里亚货币的升值对利比里亚实际国内生产总值没有显著影响。第三,贸易平衡、消费价格与利比里亚经济增长呈正相关关系。

Abstract

Policy makers often rely on theoretical wisdom and tend to allocate huge resources towards hedging strategies against oil price and exchange rate movements without considering to first test these theories on a context basis. To overcome this limitation, we model both upward and downward movements in oil prices and exchange rates in order to study the oil – exchange rate – growth nexus for a small net-importing country like Liberia. We estimate an unrestricted VAR model and document the following results: First, a rise in the price of oil appears to stimulate Liberian GDP. Second, depreciation in the value of the Liberian dollar causes real GDP to fall while appreciation of the Liberian dollar tends to have no impact on real GDP in Liberia. Third, trade balance has a positive correlation with growth of the Liberian economy. Finally, consumer prices are found to also correlate positively with economic growth in Liberia. Contrary to bulk of the literature, this paper provides general insights that a rise in oil price is sometimes good for net-oil importers.

Keywords: Oil shocks; Exchange rate movements; Net-importing economies; Liberia


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